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SHR Neuro Krebs Kardio Lipid Stoffw Microb

Bianco, V; Kratky, D.
Glycoprotein Non-Metastatic Protein B (GPNMB): The Missing Link Between Lysosomes and Obesity.
Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes. 2023; 131(12): 639-645. Doi: 10.1055/a-2192-0101 [OPEN ACCESS]
Web of Science PubMed PUBMED Central FullText FullText_MUG

 

Führende Autor*innen der Med Uni Graz
Bianco Valentina
Co-Autor*innen der Med Uni Graz
Kratky Dagmar
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Abstract:
As a result of an unhealthy diet and limited physical activity, obesity has become a widespread pandemic worldwide and is an important predictor for the development of cardiovascular disease. Obesity is often characterized by a pro-inflammatory environment in white adipose tissue (WAT), mainly due to increased macrophage infiltration. These immune cells boost their lipid concentrations by accumulating the content of dying adipocytes. As the lysosome is highly involved in lipid handling, the progressive lipid accumulation may result in lysosomal stress and a metabolic shift. Recent studies have identified glycoprotein non-metastatic melanoma protein B (GPNMB) as a novel marker of inflammatory diseases. GPNMB is a type I transmembrane protein on the cell surface of various cell types, such as macrophages, dendritic cells, osteoblasts, and microglia, from which it can be proteolytically cleaved into a soluble molecule. It is induced by lysosomal stress via microphthalmia-associated transcription factor and thus has been found to be upregulated in many lysosomal storage disorders. In addition, a clear connection between GPNMB and obesity was recently established. GPNMB was shown to have protective and anti-inflammatory effects in most cases, preventing the progression of obesity-related metabolic disorders. In contrast, soluble GPNMB likely has the opposite effect and promotes lipogenesis in WAT. This review aims to summarize and clarify the role of GPNMB in the progression of obesity and to highlight its potential use as a biomarker for lipid-associated disorders.

Find related publications in this database (Keywords)
adipose tissue macrophages
glycoprotein non-metastatic melanoma protein B
lipid-associated disorders
lysosomal storage disorders
osteoactivin
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