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Hedar, AM; Stradner, MH; Roessler, A; Goswami, N.
Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases and Vascular Function: The Concept of Autoimmune Atherosclerosis.
J Clin Med. 2021; 10(19): Doi: 10.3390/jcm10194427 [OPEN ACCESS]
Web of Science PubMed PUBMED Central FullText FullText_MUG

 

Führende Autor*innen der Med Uni Graz
Goswami Nandu
Mahdy Hedar Ahmed Safwat Abbas
Co-Autor*innen der Med Uni Graz
Rössler Andreas
Stradner Martin Helmut
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Abstract:
Autoimmune rheumatic diseases (AIRDs) with unknown etiology are increasing in incidence and prevalence. Up to 5% of the population is affected. AIRDs include rheumatoid arthritis, system lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, and Sjögren's syndrome. In patients with autoimmune diseases, the immune system attacks structures of its own body, leading to widespread tissue and organ damage, which, in turn, is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. One third of the mortality associated with autoimmune diseases is due to cardiovascular diseases. Atherosclerosis is considered the main underlying cause of cardiovascular diseases. Currently, because of finding macrophages and lymphocytes at the atheroma, atherosclerosis is considered a chronic immune-inflammatory disease. In active inflammation, the liberation of inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrotic factor alpha (TNFa), interleukine-6 (IL-6), IL-1 and other factors like T and B cells, play a major role in the atheroma formation. In addition, antioxidized, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) antibodies, antinuclear antibodies (ANA), and rheumatoid factor (RF) are higher in the atherosclerotic patients. Traditional risk factors like gender, age, hypercholesterolemia, smoking, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension, however, do not alone explain the risk of atherosclerosis present in autoimmune diseases. This review examines the role of chronic inflammation in the etiology-and progression-of atherosclerosis in autoimmune rheumatic diseases. In addition, discussed here in detail are the possible effects of autoimmune rheumatic diseases that can affect vascular function. We present here the current findings from studies that assessed vascular function changes using state-of-the-art techniques and innovative endothelial function biomarkers.

Find related publications in this database (Keywords)
atherosclerosis
autoimmune disease
endothelial dysfunction
oxidized LDL
antioxidized LDL antibodies
nitric oxide
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