Medizinische Universität Graz Austria/Österreich - Forschungsportal - Medical University of Graz
Gewählte Publikation:
Fellendorf, F.
Smartphone apps: a technical approach for dealing with bipolar disorder?
Doktoratsstudium der Medizinischen Wissenschaft; Humanmedizin; [ Dissertation ] Medizinische Universität Graz; 2024. pp. 108
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- Autor*innen der Med Uni Graz:
- Betreuer*innen:
- Kapfhammer Hans-Peter
- Lackner Helmut Karl
- Reininghaus Eva
- Altmetrics:
- Abstract:
- Background: Early detection and treatment of illness episodes of bipolar disorder is desirable as having a positive impact on both individual episodes and the overall course of illness. Frequently, individuals with bipolar disorder experience behavioural changes, particularly in sleep patterns, at the onset of depressive or (hypo)manic episodes. These early warning signs are individualised but often recurrently similar within a person and are frequently recognised too late by those affected. Continuous monitoring of these early warning signs is, therefore, essential. Technological support through smartphone apps, especially in times of personal or societal crisis, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, could be helpful. Objectives: In three clinical trials, this thesis examined whether smartphone apps could provide suitable and valid support in early warning management of sleep behaviour. Hence, 1. the desire for such apps among affected individuals was assessed, 2. changes in sleep behaviour during the COVID-19 pandemic were investigated, and 3. the validity of sleep data and acceptance of the product UP! were evaluated. Methods and Results: 1. A questionnaire survey of individuals with bipolar disorder and their relatives revealed a deficit in complete early warning sign detection and that those affected consider apps as meaningful support and would utilise them. 2. An online survey during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic found that individuals with bipolar disorder exhibited poorer sleep quality, prolonged sleep onset latency, and increased daytime sleepiness during this crisis period. 3. The UP! software, aimed at automatic behavioural measurements, particularly of sleep, was developed with medical consultation from the outpatient clinic for bipolar disorder by meemo-tec OG. A pilot study demonstrated that the app validly measures sleep onset and wake times compared to an accelerometer and the validated questionnaire "Pittsburgh Sleep Inventory." Furthermore, users were satisfied with the app design and had no concerns regarding data security. Discussion: By continuously monitoring behavioural changes for early detection, affected individuals can intervene early, thereby strengthening their self-efficacy. Smartphone apps are widely available, accessible anytime and anywhere, and cost-effective, making them a valuable additional treatment option. Due to the ongoing development of new products, it is essential to collectively assess individual products and evaluate them in terms of validity, effectiveness, efficiency, and side effects in order to create evidence-based guidelines for patients and healthcare providers.