Medizinische Universität Graz Austria/Österreich - Forschungsportal - Medical University of Graz
Gewählte Publikation:
Purkhart, A.
Hypoparathyroidism
neurological and cardiovascular manifestations
Humanmedizin; [ Diplomarbeit ] Medizinische Universität Graz; 2023. pp. 80
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- Autor*innen der Med Uni Graz:
- Betreuer*innen:
- Amrein Karin
- Urbanic Purkart Tadeja
- Altmetrics:
- Abstract:
- Hypoparathyroidism is a rare disease defined by low calcium levels in combination with a reduced or inadequately low PTH concentration. Furthermore, the phosphate levels might be elevated and vitamin D decreased. Besides typical symptoms such as paresthesia and muscle cramps, hypoparathyroidism has been associated with a variety of different clinical complications like renal insufficiency, cardiovascular disease, seizures, neuropsychiatric disorders, cataracts or an increased risk of infections. The aim of this thesis is to create a comprehensive summary and analysis of the existing literature concerning the cardiovascular and neurological manifestations of hypoparathyroidism to determine the relevance of those symptoms for the daily clinical practice. To achieve this goal, a literature search using “PubMed” was performed. This thesis shows that when patients present with arrhythmia, elongated QTc-intervals, signs of ischemic heart disease or arterial stiffness in combination with low calcium and/or elevated phosphate, a connection to hypoparathyroidism should be considered. If hypoparathyroidism with those complications is evident an appropriate treatment should be initiated since those are partly reversible complications. For treatment it has been suggested that the substitution with rhPTH(1-84) has a better cardiovascular risk profile than traditional treatment with calcium and vitamin D substitution but existing data are scarce. For neurological complications it seems that the quality of treatment and therefore the time in hypo-/hypercalcemia correlates with the extent of basal ganglia calcifications connected with movement disorders like parkinsonism, chorea or tremor. Furthermore, the quality of life and neurocognitive function may be impaired.