Medizinische Universität Graz Austria/Österreich - Forschungsportal - Medical University of Graz
Gewählte Publikation:
Lewis, J.
SGLT2 Inhibitors: Redefining Antidiabetic Therapy
Humanmedizin; [ Diplomarbeit ] Medical University of Graz; 2021. pp. 53
[OPEN ACCESS]
FullText
- Autor*innen der Med Uni Graz:
- Betreuer*innen:
- Beubler Eckhard
- Lippe Irmgard Theresia
- Altmetrics:
- Abstract:
- Background SGLT2 inhibitors were developed to combat the growing epidemic of diabetes and the consequences of diabetes, e.g. chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular complications, by increasing the excretion of glucose in urine and thereby reducing blood sugar levels. These medications have shown to be effective both in lowering blood sugar as well as preventing adverse cardiac events. Why then are SGLT2 inhibitors not being used in all treatments of diabetes as the mortality rates of the two leading causes of death in diabetic patients could be lowered? Methods A basis of inquiry was formed by studies from the Pubmed and Cochrane library, as well as more clinical aspects in the form of lectures by the Medical University Graz or through further online sources and the guidelines issued by the OEDG (Austrian Diabetes Society). The risk benefit profiles of other antidiabetic medications were compared to SGLT2 inhibitors. Results Whilst the effectiveness of SGLT2 inhibitors’ ability to lower HbA1C values is similar to other antidiabetic agents, they have the ability to improve both cardiovascular and chronic kidney disease outcomes and lead to weight loss. The often cited side effects of SGLT2 inhibitors were scrutinised and myths about SGLT2 inhibitors wide side effect spectrum could be dispelled. Some side effects and risks for certain substances in the SGLT2 inhibitor group could be confirmed by studies, RCTs and meta-analyses. Conclusion The ability of SGLT2 inhibitors to reduce cardiac and renal causes of mortality whilst reducing blood sugar at the same time in addition to their limited side effect profile, they play a critical role in today’s and the future treatment of type 2 diabetes. The fact that a few substances within the SGLT2 inhibitor group have been proven to have drastic side effects should not lead to a loss of confidence or a reduction of use in the remaining substances of the group. SGLT2 inhibitors position in the treatment scheme of the OEDG as one of the main secondary substances used is well justified.