Medizinische Universität Graz Austria/Österreich - Forschungsportal - Medical University of Graz
Gewählte Publikation:
Lackner,S.
Individual metabolic phenotyping in females of different energy status.
Adipose tissue, carotenoid status, leptin levels, inflammation and oxidative stress markers in the ESAN (Energy Sensing in Anorexia Nervosa) cohort.
Doktoratsstudium der Medizinischen Wissenschaft; Humanmedizin; [ Dissertation ] Graz Medical University; 2019. pp. 139
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- Autor*innen der Med Uni Graz:
- Betreuer*innen:
- Holasek Sandra Johanna
- Leal Garcia Sabrina
- Zatloukal Kurt
- Altmetrics:
- Abstract:
- Background: The individual metabolic phenotype is strongly determined by body fat that is associated with the expression of the adipokine leptin. Both have been shown to alter metabolism including inflammation and oxidative stress. Nutritive factors like carotenoids are supposed to impact adipocyte properties. This thesis aimed to evaluate the association of body fat, plasma leptin, carotenoid levels, inflammation and oxidative stress in females of different energy status. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 107 female participants were assigned to the five body mass index (BMI) and activity level groups anorexia nervosa (AN), normal weight, overweight, obesity, and athletes. Subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) was measured by a standardized ultrasound method at eight body sites. Plasma and skin carotenoids were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography and resonance Raman spectroscopy, respectively. Furthermore, leptin and oxidative stress parameters were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and inflammation markers were determined according to standard clinical chemistry. Results: SAT sums and each of the measured sites differed significantly between the groups (p<0.001). Plasma leptin was highly correlated to SAT (rs=0.895, p<0.001). Some carotenoid values were correlated negatively (e.g. skin-carotenoids: rs=-0.498, p<0.001, β-carotene: rs=-0.563, p<0.001) while inflammation (CRP: rs=0.617, p<0.001, IL-6: rs=0.557, p<0.001) and oxidative stress markers (TOC: rs=0.379, p<0.001) were correlated positively to SAT. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed collective significance between these factors (p<0.001). Striking differences in SAT amounts of AN patients with similar BMI (p<0.001) and at each SAT-site were detected. These variations corresponded with the clinical markers. Conclusion: This study used SAT topography for metabolic phenotyping. Thereby, an association between SAT amount, plasma leptin, inflammation and oxidative stress indicators, and carotenoid status was observed. Alterations in fat depots may result in homeostatic disturbance and determine specific metabolic profiles. Based on the observed differences in AN patients, therapeutic adoptions are discussed. The potential role of phytonutrients in the complex adipocytes’ regulation system needs to be further investigated in humans to derive potential clinical implications.