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Selected Publication:
Kiowski, W; Linder, L; Stoschitzky, K; Pfisterer, M; Burckhardt, D; Burkart, F; Bühler, FR.
Diminished vascular response to inhibition of endothelium-derived nitric oxide and enhanced vasoconstriction to exogenously administered endothelin-1 in clinically healthy smokers.
Circulation. 1994; 90(1):27-34
Doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.90.1.27
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- Co-authors Med Uni Graz
- Stoschitzky Kurt
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- Abstract:
- BACKGROUND: Smoking is a major risk factor for the development of atherosclerosis. Because endothelial dysfunction may be a marker for future atherosclerosis, we investigated the effects of smoking on endothelium-dependent control of vascular tone. METHODS AND RESULTS: The effects of brachial arterial infusions of NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA), a nitric oxide synthesis inhibitor; sodium nitroprusside; endothelin-1; and norepinephrine on forearm blood flow (strain-gauge plethysmography) were compared in 29 long-term smokers and 16 nonsmokers. The acute effects of smoking on systemic hemodynamics, plasma catecholamines, and forearm vascular responses to these compounds were investigated in smokers only. Smokers did not differ from nonsmokers (n = 16) regarding the vascular effects of sodium nitroprusside (n = 13) or vasoconstriction due to norepinephrine and endothelin-1 (n = 16). Low-dose endothelin-1-induced vasodilation, believed to reflect endothelial prostacyclin or nitric oxide release, was absent in smokers (n = 16), and their increase of forearm vascular resistance (FVR) after L-NMMA (n = 13) was impaired (35.6 +/- 27.9% versus 118.8 +/- 43.2%, P < .001). Short-term smoking (n = 11) increased blood pressure, heart rate, and plasma epinephrine concentrations (P < .05 or less); enhanced endothelin-1-induced vasoconstriction (delta FVR, 457 +/- 192% versus 254 +/- 143%, P < .01); and decreased norepinephrine-induced vasoconstriction (P < .05), but had no effect on the other interventions. CONCLUSIONS: Long-term smoking is associated with a diminished nitric oxide-dependent component of basal vascular tone and an impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilator response to low-dose endothelin-1 and short-term smoking enhances endothelin-1-induced vasoconstriction. Impaired endothelial control of vascular tone might reflect impairment of normal antiatherosclerotic endothelial functions in smokers, but the relevance of smoking-induced enhancement of endothelin-1 vasoconstriction remains to be determined.
- Find related publications in this database (using NLM MeSH Indexing)
- Adult -
- Arginine - analogs and derivatives
- Blood Vessels - metabolism
- Endothelins - pharmacology
- Endothelium, Vascular - physiology
- Humans - physiology
- Male - physiology
- Middle Aged - physiology
- Nitric Oxide - antagonists and inhibitors
- Reference Values - antagonists and inhibitors
- Smoking - antagonists and inhibitors
- Time Factors - antagonists and inhibitors
- Vasoconstriction - antagonists and inhibitors
- Vasomotor System - physiology
- omega-N-Methylarginine - physiology
- Find related publications in this database (Keywords)
- SMOKING
- ENDOTHELIUM
- NITRIC OXIDE
- FLOW
- BLOOD PRESSURE