Medizinische Universität Graz Austria/Österreich - Forschungsportal - Medical University of Graz
Gewählte Publikation:
SHR Neuro Krebs Kardio Lipid Stoffw Microb
DeVries, JH; Nattrass, M; Pieber, TR.
Refining basal insulin therapy: what have we learned in the age of analogues?
DIABETES-METAB RES REV. 2007; 23(6): 441-454.
Doi: 10.1002/dmrr.762
Web of Science
PubMed
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- Co-Autor*innen der Med Uni Graz
- Pieber Thomas
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- Abstract:
- BACKGROUND: The basal insulin analogues glargine and detemir have been subject to a series of trials comparing their clinical profiles to the conventional preparation, neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH). Careful review of these trials provides opportunities to learn clinically useful lessons about these insulins. METHODS: MedLine-indexed trials comparing glargine or detemir to NPH were scrutinized for control, tolerability and dose data. Separate considerations were made for types 1 and 2 diabetes, and for basal-bolus and basal plus oral glucose-lowering drugs (OGLD) therapy. Attention was paid to dosing schedules and 24-h glycaemic profiles. RESULTS: Collectively, the trials demonstrated an improved balance between glycaemic control and tolerability for both analogues compared to NPH, regardless of regimen and diabetes type. Neither once-daily glargine nor detemir reliably provides 24-h basal insulin replacement in all patients with type 1 diabetes; a waning of effect frequently obliges twice-daily administration. When added to OGLDs in type 2 diabetes, goal-titrated once-daily basal insulin generally lowered HbA(1c) by approximately 1.5%, whereas twice-daily administration tended to increase insulin dose disproportionately to improvement in control. Hence, adding bolus insulin may be a preferable intensification method to dividing the basal dose. Varying injection time or dividing the basal insulin dose predictably affects the pattern of hypoglycaemia and bolus dose requirements. Morning administration tends to require higher dosing than evening administration. CONCLUSIONS: Scrutiny of trials involving glargine and detemir has increased our understanding of how best to dose basal insulins. An individualized approach is still necessary however, and several questions remain that require further research.
- Find related publications in this database (using NLM MeSH Indexing)
- Controlled Clinical Trials as Topic -
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 - drug therapy
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - drug therapy
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug - drug therapy
- Drug Administration Schedule - drug therapy
- Humans - drug therapy
- Hypoglycemic Agents - administration and dosage
- Insulin - administration and dosage
- Find related publications in this database (Keywords)
- insulin glargine
- insulin detemir
- insulin analogue
- basal insulin
- NPH insulin
- basal bolus therapy