Medizinische Universität Graz Austria/Österreich - Forschungsportal - Medical University of Graz
Gewählte Publikation:
SHR Neuro Krebs Kardio Lipid Stoffw Microb
Holzer, P.
Opioids and opioid receptors in the enteric nervous system: from a problem in opioid analgesia to a possible new prokinetic therapy in humans.
NEUROSCI LETT. 2004; 361: 192-195.
Doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2003.12.004
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- Führende Autor*innen der Med Uni Graz
- Holzer Peter
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- Abstract:
- The gut is a neurological organ, which implies that many neuroactive drugs such as opioid analgesics can seriously disturb gastrointestinal function, because many of the transmitters and transmitter receptors present in the brain are also found in the enteric nervous system. One of the most common manifestations of opioid-induced bowel dysfunction is constipation which results from blockade of peristalsis and intestinal fluid secretion. The discovery of opioid receptor antagonists with a peripherally restricted site of action, such as N-methylnaltrexone and alvimopan, makes it possible to normalize bowel function in opiate-treated patients without compromising central opioid analgesia. There is emerging evidence that opioid receptor antagonists may also have prokinetic actions, reversing pathological states of gastrointestinal hypomotility that are due to overactivity of the enteric opioid system.
- Find related publications in this database (using NLM MeSH Indexing)
- Analgesics, Opioid - adverse effects
- Animals - adverse effects
- Constipation - chemically induced
- Enteric Nervous System - drug effects
- Gastrointestinal Motility - drug effects
- Humans - drug effects
- Naltrexone - analogs and derivatives
- Narcotic Antagonists - pharmacology
- Piperidines - pharmacology
- Quaternary Ammonium Compounds - pharmacology
- Receptors, Opioid - antagonists and inhibitors
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't - antagonists and inhibitors
- Find related publications in this database (Keywords)
- alvimopan
- constipation
- enteric nervous system
- intestinal peristalsis
- N-methylnaltrexone
- opioid-induced bowel dysfunction
- peripherally restricted opioid receptor antagonists
- prokinetic effects