Medizinische Universität Graz Austria/Österreich - Forschungsportal - Medical University of Graz
Gewählte Publikation:
SHR Neuro Krebs Kardio Lipid Stoffw Microb
Huppertz, B; Kingdom, JC.
Apoptosis in the trophoblast--role of apoptosis in placental morphogenesis.
J SOC GYNECOL INVESTIGATION 2004 11: 353-362.
Doi: 10.1016/j.jsgi.2004.06.002
Web of Science
PubMed
FullText
FullText_MUG
- Führende Autor*innen der Med Uni Graz
- Huppertz Berthold
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- Abstract:
- Villous trophoblast is the epithelial cover of the placental villous tree and comes in direct contact with maternal blood. The turnover of villous trophoblast includes proliferation and differentiation of cytotrophoblast, syncytial fusion of cytotrophoblast with the overlying syncytiotrophoblast, differentiation in the syncytiotrophoblast, and finally extrusion of apoptotic material into the maternal circulation. In recent years, it has become clear that apoptosis is a normal constituent of trophoblast turnover and the release of apoptotic material does not lead to an inflammatory response of the mother. During preeclampsia there seems to be an altered balance between proliferation and apoptosis of villous trophoblast leading to a dysregulation of the release from the syncytiotrophoblast. The normal apoptotic release may be reduced in favor of a necrotic release. Since apoptosis is still ongoing in the syncytiotrophoblast, a necrotic release of intrasyncytial and partly apoptotic material lead us to call this type of release "aponecrotic shedding." In this situation, cell-free components such as G-actin and DNA freely floating in maternal blood may trigger damage to the maternal endothelium, thereby triggering preeclampsia. This review highlights the importance of the apoptosis cascade in permitting normal physiologic turnover of villous trophoblast. It will demonstrate the participation of initial stages of this cascade within the cytotrophoblast and of the execution stages within the syncytiotrophoblast. Moreover, this review presents hypotheses of how dysregulation of the apoptosis cascade may be linked to endothelial dysfunction of the maternal vasculature in preeclampsia.
- Find related publications in this database (using NLM MeSH Indexing)
- Adult -
- Apoptosis -
- Caspases - pharmacology
- Cell Differentiation - pharmacology
- Cell Proliferation - pharmacology
- Female - pharmacology
- Humans - pharmacology
- Morphogenesis - physiology
- Necrosis - physiology
- Placenta - growth and development
- Pre-Eclampsia - physiopathology
- Pregnancy - physiopathology
- Trophoblasts - physiology
- Find related publications in this database (Keywords)
- trophoblast
- apoptosis
- aponecrosis
- actin
- preeclampsia