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Fuchshuber, J; Schöber, H; Wohlmuth, M; Senra, H; Rominger, C; Schwerdtfeger, A; Unterrainer, HF.
The effectiveness of a standardized tobacco cessation program on psychophysiological parameters in patients with addiction undergoing long-term rehabilitation: a quasi-experimental pilot study.
BMC Med. 2024; 22(1): 184 Doi: 10.1186/s12916-024-03405-z [OPEN ACCESS]
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Leading authors Med Uni Graz: Unterrainer Human-Friedrich
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Abstract:: BACKGROUND: Although there is a very high comorbidity between tobacco dependence and other addictive disorders, there are only few studies examining the implementation and outcomes of a tobacco cessation program in patients with addictive diseases. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate to what extent a standardized tobacco cessation program leads to improvements regarding psychological/physical parameters in patients with addiction undergoing therapy and whether there is a reduction in tobacco consumption. METHODS: The study took place in a therapeutic community specialized in addiction therapy. A total sample of 56 participants were non-randomly assigned to an intervention group (IG; n = 31) and a treatment as usual group (TAUG; n = 25). The IG participated in a 6-week tobacco cessation program, while the TAUG received no additional treatment. Both groups were assessed for changes in primary outcomes (tobacco dependence, smoked cigarettes per day (CPD), and general substance-related craving) and secondary outcomes (heart rate variability (HRV): root mean square of successive differences, self-efficacy, and comorbid psychiatric symptoms) at two measurement time points (pre- and post-treatment/6 weeks). RESULTS: We observed significant improvements in self-efficacy (F_(1,53) = 5.86; p < .05; η_p² = .11) and decreased CPD in the IG (β = 1.16, ρ < .05), while no significant changes were observed in the TAUG. No significant interaction effects were observed in psychiatric symptoms, general substance-related craving, and HRV. CONCLUSIONS: The results highlight the potential benefit of an additional tobacco cessation program as part of a general addiction treatment. Although no improvements in the physiological domain were observed, there were significant improvements regarding self-efficacy and CPD in the IG compared to the TAUG. Randomized controlled trials on larger samples would be an important next step. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ISRCTN15684371.
Find related publications in this database (using NLM MeSH Indexing): Humans - administration & dosage; Male - administration & dosage; Pilot Projects - administration & dosage; Female - administration & dosage; Middle Aged - administration & dosage; Adult - administration & dosage; Treatment Outcome - administration & dosage; Tobacco Use Cessation - methods, psychology; Tobacco Use Disorder - rehabilitation, psychology, therapy
Find related publications in this database (Keywords): Tobacco cessation; Tobacco dependence; Addiction therapy outcome; Heart rate variability; Self-efficacy