Medizinische Universität Graz Austria/Österreich - Forschungsportal - Medical University of Graz
Gewählte Publikation:
SHR Neuro Krebs Kardio Lipid Stoffw Microb
Scheer, PJ.
The History of Psychosomatics in Austria Observations from a Contemporary Witness-Part 2
PADIATR PADOL. 2024;
Doi: 10.1007/s00608-023-01172-3
Web of Science
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- Führende Autor*innen der Med Uni Graz
- Scheer Peter
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- Abstract:
- Adlerian psychology arose and was developed in Vienna between WWI and WWII, becoming the leading psychological school. Adler assumed that the insufficiency of organs eventually causing illness is based on inferiority. The new assumption to overcome one's own inferiority was to change one's mindset and lifestyle in a healthy way, including being a useful member of society. Failing to succeed in this can lead to overcompensation resulting in narcissism, selfishness and loneliness. Adler's concept included psychosomatic illnesses as well, which may start in childhood and continue into adulthood. He claimed that a general change in the upbringing of children was at stake: schools should form the personality of their pupils by addressing their development. The reform of the school system at that time made working schools possible where children were encouraged to learn according to their abilities and with their classmates, not against them. Adlerian psychology led to the construction and establishment of outpatient clinics, parent counselling and summer schools for poor children. To add light, air and sun to the daily life of children was a slogan of the Viennese Socialist Party, which built at that time remarkable condominiums that offered small but self-sufficient flats for everyone. Adlerian psychology emigrated mainly to the USA. In this article an example of a Viennese pediatrician is mentioned who became one of the founders of music therapy in England being Adlerian, pediatrician, lyricist and musician. Personalities like him were not asked to come back to Vienna after WWII but remain idols of the approach to pediatric psychosomatics until today.
- Find related publications in this database (Keywords)
- Adlerian individual psychology
- Overcompensation
- Psychosocial cause of illnesses
- Inferiority complex
- Psychosomatics