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Selected Publication:
Kümmerer, K; Eitel, A; Braun, U; Hubner, P; Daschner, F; Mascart, G; Milandri, M; Reinthaler, F; Verhoef, J.
Analysis of benzalkonium chloride in the effluent from European hospitals by solid-phase extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography with post-column ion-pairing and fluorescence detection.
J Chromatogr A. 1997; 774(1-2):281-286
Doi: 10.1016%2FS0021-9673%2897%2900242-2
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- Co-authors Med Uni Graz
- Reinthaler Franz
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- Abstract:
- A highly reproducible and specific method for the analysis of the quaternary ammonium compound, benzalkonium chloride, in effluents from European hospitals is presented. Benzalkonium chloride was extracted with end-capped RP-18 solid-phase cartridges and was selectively eluted. The resulting solution was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). After elution from the analytical column of the HPLC system, 9,10-dimethoxyanthracene-2-sulfonate was added continuously as a fluorescence marker, forming a hydrophobic ion-pair with benzalkonium chloride. The ion-pair was analyzed by fluorescence detection. The method was applied to highly complex effluent samples from different sized European hospitals. The measured concentrations were between 0.05 and 6.03 mg/l. The amounts emitted per bed and year were 4.5-362 g and did not correlate with the size of the hospital. The total amounts were 2.6-909 kg/year.
- Find related publications in this database (using NLM MeSH Indexing)
- Anthracenes -
- Benzalkonium Compounds - analysis
- Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid - methods
- Disinfectants - methods
- Europe - methods
- Fluorescent Dyes - methods
- Hospitals - methods
- Sewage - analysis
- Surface-Active Agents - analysis
- Find related publications in this database (Keywords)
- Hospital Effluent
- Derivatization
- LC
- Fluorescence Labeling
- Benzalkonium Chloride
- Quaternary Ammonium Compounds
- Surfactants
- Disinfectants
- Dimethoxyanthracene-2-Sulfonate