Medizinische Universität Graz Austria/Österreich - Forschungsportal - Medical University of Graz
Gewählte Publikation:
SHR Neuro Krebs Kardio Lipid Stoffw Microb
Plecko, B.
Diagnostic work-up of impaired consciousness in infants, children and adolescents
MONATSSCHR KINDERH. 2021;
Doi: 10.1007/s00112-020-01097-2
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- Führende Autor*innen der Med Uni Graz
- Plecko Barbara
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- Abstract:
- Acute impaired consciousness is a medical emergency at any age. In infants recognition is particularly difficult due to prolonged sleep phases. Assessment and acute treatment follow the ABCDE rules. The classification of impaired consciousness using the (age adapted) Glasgow coma scale (age<5 years) enables rater-independent monitoring over the course of time. In the neurological examination attention must be paid to signs of meningism, eye deviations, abnormal pupillary response, posture, muscle tone and focal deficits. Intracranial causes (e.g. traumatic brain injury, epileptic seizures, local inflammation, increased intracranial pressure and stroke) must be differentiated from extracranial causes (e.g. hypoglycemia, electrolyte imbalance, intoxication and inborn errors of metabolism). A structured approach with emergency laboratory investigations, possibly supported by analysis of cerebrospinal fluid, cranial imaging, fundoscopy and electroencephalogram (EEG) enable a rapid orientation and early initiation of specific treatment.
- Find related publications in this database (Keywords)
- Somnolence
- Coma
- Encephalopathy
- Intoxication
- Nonconvulsive seizures