Medizinische Universität Graz Austria/Österreich - Forschungsportal - Medical University of Graz
Gewählte Publikation:
SHR Neuro Krebs Kardio Lipid Stoffw Microb
Bischof, H; Burgstaller, S; Vujic, N; Madl, T; Kratky, D; Graier, WF; Malli, R.
Purification and Application of Genetically Encoded Potassium Ion Indicators for Quantification of Potassium Ion Concentrations within Biological Samples.
Curr Protoc Chem Biol. 2019; 11(3): e71-e71.
Doi: 10.1002/cpch.71
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- Führende Autor*innen der Med Uni Graz
- Bischof Helmut
- Co-Autor*innen der Med Uni Graz
- Burgstaller Sandra
- Graier Wolfgang
- Kratky Dagmar
- Madl Tobias
- Malli Roland
- Vujic Nemanja
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- Abstract:
- Vital cells maintain a steep potassium ion (K+ ) gradient across the plasma membrane. Intracellular potassium ion concentrations ([K+ ]) and especially the [K+ ] within the extracellular matrix are strictly regulated, the latter within a narrow range of ∼3.5 to 5.0 mM. Alterations of the extracellular K+ homeostasis are associated with severe pathological alterations and systemic diseases including hypo- or hypertension, heart rate alterations, heart failure, neuronal damage or abnormal skeleton muscle function. In higher eukaryotic organisms, the maintenance of the extracellular [K+ ] is mainly achieved by the kidney, responsible for K+ excretion and reabsorption. Thus, renal dysfunctions are typically associated with alterations in serum- or plasma [K+ ]. Generally, [K+ ] quantifications within bodily fluids are performed using ion selective electrodes. However, tracking such alterations in experimental models such as mice features several difficulties, mainly due to the small blood volume of these animals, hampering the repetitive collection of sample volumes required for measurements using ion selective electrodes. We have recently developed highly sensitive, genetically encoded potassium ion indicators, the GEPIIs, applicable for in vitro determinations of [K+ ]. In addition to the determination of [K+ ] within bodily fluids, GEPIIs proved suitable for the real-time visualization of cell viability over time and the exact determination of the number of dead cells. © 2019 The Authors. © 2019 The Authors.