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SHR Neuro Cancer Cardio Lipid Metab Microb

Moll, HP; Pranz, K; Musteanu, M; Grabner, B; Hruschka, N; Mohrherr, J; Aigner, P; Stiedl, P; Brcic, L; Laszlo, V; Schramek, D; Moriggl, R; Eferl, R; Moldvay, J; Dezso, K; Lopez-Casas, PP; Stoiber, D; Hidalgo, M; Penninger, J; Sibilia, M; Győrffy, B; Barbacid, M; Dome, B; Popper, H; Casanova, E.
Afatinib restrains K-RAS-driven lung tumorigenesis.
Sci Transl Med. 2018; 10(446): Doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aao2301 [OPEN ACCESS]
Web of Science PubMed FullText FullText_MUG

Co-authors Med Uni Graz: Brcic Luka; Popper Helmuth
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Abstract:: On the basis of clinical trials using first-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), it became a doctrine that V-Ki-ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (K-RAS) mutations drive resistance to EGFR inhibition in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Conversely, we provide evidence that EGFR signaling is engaged in K-RAS-driven lung tumorigenesis in humans and in mice. Specifically, genetic mouse models revealed that deletion of Egfr quenches mutant K-RAS activity and transiently reduces tumor growth. However, EGFR inhibition initiates a rapid resistance mechanism involving non-EGFR ERBB family members. This tumor escape mechanism clarifies the disappointing outcome of first-generation TKIs and suggests high therapeutic potential of pan-ERBB inhibitors. On the basis of various experimental models including genetically engineered mouse models, patient-derived and cell line-derived xenografts, and in vitro experiments, we demonstrate that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved pan-ERBB inhibitor afatinib effectively impairs K-RAS-driven lung tumorigenesis. Our data support reconsidering the use of pan-ERBB inhibition in clinical trials to treat K-RAS-mutated NSCLC. Copyright © 2018 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works.