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Selected Publication:
SHR Neuro Cancer Cardio Lipid Metab Microb
Brcic, L; Heidinger, M; Popper, H.
[Neuroendocrine neoplasms of the mediastinum].
Pathologe. 2016; 37(5):434-440
Doi: 10.1007/s00292-016-0198-0
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- Leading authors Med Uni Graz
- Brcic Luka
- Co-authors Med Uni Graz
- Popper Helmuth
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- Abstract:
- Primary neuroendocrine tumors (NET) in the mediastinum are very rare and among them thymic NETs are the most common. They represent 5 % of all thymic and mediastinal tumors. The WHO classification from 2015 subdivides thymic NETs into three groups; low grade (typical carcinoid), intermediate grade (atypical carcinoid) and high grade (large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma and small cell carcinoma). Through this change of mediastinal/thymic NET classification into three groups of malignancy, the nomenclature was adapted to that of the lungs, while the histological criteria for each entity remained the same. Thymic NETs typically occur in middle-aged adults and predominantly in males. Approximately 30 % are asymptomatic and the rest present with symptoms caused by local tumor growth, distant metastases and/or endocrine manifestations. Carcinoids can also occur as a part of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) and at the time of diagnosis commonly present with regional lymph node or distant metastases, which most often affect the lungs and bones. For the correct diagnosis tumor cell morphology, mitotic count and/or necrosis are crucial. Patients with typical carcinoids have the best prognosis, whereas the prognosis is slightly worse for atypical carcinoids but very poor for large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas. Small cell carcinomas have the worst prognosis and the shortest median survival time of approximately 14 months.
- Find related publications in this database (using NLM MeSH Indexing)
- Adult -
- Aged -
- Carcinoid Tumor - classification
- Carcinoid Tumor - diagnosis
- Carcinoid Tumor - pathology
- Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine - classification
- Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine - diagnosis
- Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine - pathology
- Diagnosis, Differential -
- Female -
- Humans -
- Lymphatic Metastasis - pathology
- Male -
- Mediastinal Neoplasms - diagnosis
- Mediastinal Neoplasms - pathology
- Middle Aged -
- Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 - diagnosis
- Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 - pathology
- Neoplasm Grading -
- Neuroendocrine Tumors - diagnosis
- Neuroendocrine Tumors - pathology
- Prognosis -
- Thymus Neoplasms - diagnosis
- Thymus Neoplasms - pathology
- Find related publications in this database (Keywords)
- Classification
- Carcinoids
- MEN 1
- Cell morphology
- Prognosis