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SHR Neuro Krebs Kardio Lipid Stoffw Microb

Zittermann, A; Pilz, S; Marz, W.
Vitamin D and Susceptibility to Infection
AKTUEL ERNAHRUNGSMED. 2015; 40(4): 240-246. Doi: 10.1055/s-0035-1552694 [OPEN ACCESS]
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Co-Autor*innen der Med Uni Graz: März Winfried; Pilz Stefan
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Abstract:: It has long been known that both cod liver oil and solar UVB radiation, which are nowadays known as the most potent vitamin D sources, can be successfully used to treat tuberculosis. The present article gives an overview about the effects of vitamin D on the immune system. Moreover, current evidence regarding vitamin D and infections is summarized. Some, but not all randomized controlled trials support the hypothesis that vitamin D may reduce the risk of tuberculosis. A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials has demonstrated that vitamin D supplements can reduce susceptibility against upper respiratory tract infections by approximately one third. Daily supplements seem to be more effective than bolus administration of vitamin D. It iswell-known that upper respiratory tract infections are most prevalent in Europe and North America in the winter half-year. Prospective cohort studies suggest that the risk of infection is highest in those individuals with deficient circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels (<25 nmol/l) and is lowest in those with 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels (>75nmol/l). In a number of other infectious disorders it seems to be possible that vitamin D status may influence disease risk. For a substantiated appraisal, however, available data is insufficient at present. In total, results regarding risk reduction of upper respiratory tract infection by vitamin D can be considered likely. In line with recommendations of different nutrition societies it is concluded that in case of insufficient vitamin D status (e.g. 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels <50nmol/l or <20 ng/ml), (supplemental) oral daily vitamin D intake should be ensued. Intake should be in the order of 1000 international units.
Find related publications in this database (Keywords): vitamin D; 25-hydroxyvitamin D; infection; immune defense