Medizinische Universität Graz Austria/Österreich - Forschungsportal - Medical University of Graz
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SHR Neuro Krebs Kardio Lipid Stoffw Microb
Heitzer, E; Tomlinson, I.
Replicative DNA polymerase mutations in cancer.
Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2014; 24(5):107-113
Doi: 10.1016/j.gde.2013.12.005
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- Führende Autor*innen der Med Uni Graz
- Heitzer Ellen
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- Abstract:
- Three DNA polymerases - Pol α, Pol δ and Pol ɛ - are essential for DNA replication. After initiation of DNA synthesis by Pol α, Pol δ or Pol ɛ take over on the lagging and leading strand respectively. Pol δ and Pol ɛ perform the bulk of replication with very high fidelity, which is ensured by Watson-Crick base pairing and 3'exonuclease (proofreading) activity. Yeast models have shown that mutations in the exonuclease domain of Pol δ and Pol ɛ homologues can cause a mutator phenotype. Recently, we identified germline exonuclease domain mutations (EDMs) in human POLD1 and POLE that predispose to 'polymerase proofreading associated polyposis' (PPAP), a disease characterised by multiple colorectal adenomas and carcinoma, with high penetrance and dominant inheritance. Moreover, somatic EDMs in POLE have also been found in sporadic colorectal and endometrial cancers. Tumors with EDMs are microsatellite stable and show an 'ultramutator' phenotype, with a dramatic increase in base substitutions. Copyright © 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.
- Find related publications in this database (using NLM MeSH Indexing)
- Animals -
- DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase - genetics
- Humans -
- Mutation -
- Neoplasms - genetics
- Phenotype -