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Egevad, L; Algaba, F; Berney, DM; Boccon-Gibod, L; Compérat, E; Evans, AJ; Grobholz, R; Kristiansen, G; Langner, C; Lockwood, G; Lopez-Beltran, A; Montironi, R; Oliveira, P; Schwenkglenks, M; Vainer, B; Varma, M; Verger, V; Camparo, P.
Interactive digital slides with heat maps: a novel method to improve the reproducibility of Gleason grading.
Virchows Arch. 2011; 459(2):175-182
Doi: 10.1007/s00428-011-1106-x
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- Co-Autor*innen der Med Uni Graz
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Langner Cord
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- Abstract:
- Our aims were to analyze reporting of Gleason pattern (GP) 3 and 4 prostate cancer with the ISUP 2005 Gleason grading and to collect consensus cases for standardization. We scanned 25 prostate biopsy cores diagnosed as Gleason score (GS) 6-7. Fifteen genitourinary pathologists graded the digital slides and circled GP 4 and 5 in a slide viewer. Grading difficulty was scored as 1-3. GP 4 components were classified as type 1 (cribriform), 2 (fused), or 3 (poorly formed glands). A GS of 5-6, 7 (3 + 4), 7 (4 + 3), and 8-9 was given in 29%, 41%, 19%, and 10% (mean GS 6.84, range 6.44-7.36). In 15 cases, at least 67% of observers agreed on GS groups (consensus cases). Mean interobserver weighted kappa for GS groups was 0.43. Mean difficulty scores in consensus and non-consensus cases were 1.44 and 1.66 (p = 0.003). Pattern 4 types 1, 2, and 3 were seen in 28%, 86%, and 67% of GP 4. All three coexisted in 16% (11% and 23% in consensus and non-consensus cases, p = 0.03). Average estimated and calculated %GP 4/5 were 29% and 16%. After individual review, the experts met to analyze diagnostic difficulties. Areas of GP 4 and 5 were displayed as heat maps, which were helpful for identifying contentious areas. A key problem was to agree on minimal criteria for small foci of GP 4. In summary, the detection threshold for GP 4 in NBX needs to be better defined. This set of consensus cases may be useful for standardization.
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Biopsy, Needle -
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Humans -
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Male -
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Pathology, Surgical - methods
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Prostatic Neoplasms - pathology
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Reproducibility of Results -
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Prostate cancer
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Biopsy
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Gleason grading
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Digital pathology
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Reproducibility
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Consensus